BS in Pharmacy in the Philippines

 

 

 The Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy is a four-year college degree intended for people who wants to have a career in the various fields of the pharmaceutical industry. The study of pharmacy focuses on the identification, discovery, isolation, synthesis, and formulation of biologically active compounds for clinical use.

The BS Pharmacy curriculum comprises of 72-units of CHED-mandated general education courses, 30-units essential core subjects, and 90-units professional pharmacy courses presented thru lectures and laboratory classes. The program requires Thesis and Research Project in addition to the Practicum in the three major pharmaceutical areas of internship, namely the community, hospital and manufacturing.

Graduates of BS in Pharmacy are provided with a broad spectrum of training that may lead to employment in a wide range of scientific fields, principally in higher education institutions, community drug stores, hospitals, government agencies, research establishments, public health and in the pharmaceutical industry. They may also choose to continue with Medical education.

Is Pharmacy a profession?

Pharmacy is a profession.

A graduate of BS in Pharmacy who passed the Pharmacist Licensure Examination is called a Pharmacist. Pharmacists are trained healthcare professionals who perform various roles in the healthcare industry. They are competent in managing drug stores; in identifying, developing, manufacturing and dispensing of drugs; and in providing pharmaceutical care as well as counseling clients in the proper use of both prescribed and patient chosen medications.

What are the admission requirements for BS Pharmacy?

Requirements at each school may differ, but these are the common requirements:

• Must be a high school graduate.

What skills will help you succeed in this course?

• Ability to carry out basic mathematical and statistical computations
• Critical, analytical and problem solving skills
• Adequate technical writing skills
• Being able to make observations and distinguish small differences between samples and events
• Objective viewpoint for discerning information and analyzing biases of other people
• Ability to perform various laboratory tasks independently or as part of a team
• Effective oral communication abilities

How difficult is this course?

Generally, Pharmacy is a difficult college course. There are a lot of chemistry and pharmaceutical subjects that necessitate hard work, comprehension and memorization. Laboratory discussions and thesis defense require patience, dedication and proficiency in communication. Learning about doses and several clinical procedures involve problem solving and mathematical competencies.

How long does it take to complete BS in Pharmacy in the Philippines?

The BS in Pharmacy program takes 4 years to complete. Some schools who apply the trimesteral system complete the program in shorter time.

On the Job training / Internship

CHED mandated a practicum or on-the-job training (OJT) for BS Pharmacy students as a requirement for graduation (see source - section 10). Students will undergo a total of 960 hours of hands-on training to provide them with actual experience in the various fields of pharmacy. 200 hours will be spent for each area of pharmacy, namely the retail (drugstore), clinical (hospital), and manufacturing (pharmaceutical company). The final 360 hours will be allocated to a major internship. This will help the students decide the particular specialization they will pursue and provide them the necessary competencies and skills.

Specializations of BS in Pharmacy:

• Clinical Pharmacy – focuses with the clinical or hospital aspects of pharmacology, such as giving patient accurate drug information and advising physicians in possible pharmaceutical treatments in specialized areas of practice such as psychiatry, ambulatory care, cardiology, pediatrics, critical care, neurology, etc.
• Community / Retail Pharmacy – deals with concepts, theories, and principles of marketing pharmaceutical products and entrepreneurship of pharmacy business. Aside from health care administration, the course includes pharmaceutical management, business planning, feasibility studies as well as product information, price, promotion and distribution.
• Manufacturing Pharmacy – concentrates on the study of principles, methods and technology involved in the research, development and production of various pharmaceutical products, including the requirements for packaging, equipments and manufacturing facilities.

Career opportunities for BS Pharmacy graduates

• Jobs for licensed Pharmacists (board exam passers)

  • Entry Level jobs
    Jobs requiring no prior to minimal level of experience:
    • Pharmaceutical Sales Representative (Med Rep) – are sales people employed by pharmaceutical companies to persuade doctors to prescribe their drugs to patients.
    • Community Pharmacist – works to ensure the correct and safe supply of medical products to the general public while abiding by legal and ethical guidelines; involved in maintaining and improving people's health by providing advice and information and supplying prescription medicines.
    • Hospital Pharmacist – works in a hospital pharmacy service primarily within the public sector; uses specialist knowledge to dispense drugs and advice patients about the medicines they have been prescribed; works collaboratively with other healthcare professionals to devise the most appropriate drug treatment for patients.
    • Regulatory Affairs Officer – ensures the appropriate licensing, marketing and legal compliance of pharmaceutical and medical products such as medicines, chemicals, pesticides, therapeutic devices and other products.
  • Mid-Level Positions
    Require trainings and prior job experience of a few years:
    • Pharmacy Manager – responsible for daily operational functions of the Pharmacy, training and scheduling staff, ensuring compliance with expectations; and developing and monitoring quality improvement processes
    • Process Development Pharmacist – responsible for identifying and developing new procedures for drug and medicine manufacture, as well as implementing process controls to ensure that quality products are manufactured in a reproducible manner.
    • Clinical Research Associate – employed by pharmaceutical companies to run clinical trials to test new or existing drugs for their effectiveness, risks, benefits, and to ensure they are safe to allowed on to the market.
    • Medical Research Scientist – work to develop new, or improve existing drugs, treatments or other medically related products to increase scientific knowledge on topics related to medicine through the use of experiments.
    • Pharmacologist – investigates how drugs and chemicals interact with biological systems; aims to understand how drugs work so they can be used effectively and safely; carries out research to aid drug discovery and development.
  • Advanced Positions
    Require years of extensive experience and practice:
    • Chief Pharmacist – manages and supervise the overall operations of a pharmaceutical company, be it in retail, hospital or in manufacture
    • Higher Education Professors – facilitate learning and carry out research activities in universities and some colleges of further education. They teach academic subjects to undergraduate and postgraduate courses.
    • Environmental Health Practitioners – act as advisers, educators, consultants, managers and enforcement officers, ensuring people are able to live, work and play in safe, healthy environments.

• Jobs for Non Board Passers:

  • Pharmacy Assistant – helps the Pharmacist in dispensing medicines in community, hospital or in industrial setting
  • Pharmacy Technician – help licensed Pharmacists in performing routine tasks such as counting tablets and labeling bottles to help prepare prescribed medication.

Marine Engineering

The three major aspects of Engineering in Maritime..

Naval Architecture, and Naval, Marine and Ocean Engineering are fast growing and dynamic fields with plentiful opportunities that are improving as people turn to the oceans for resources such as food, transportation and energy.
These engineers must be creative and visionary to see the potential to use transportation and the oceans effectively. Government, industry and academia are hungry for experts and researchers to develop new processes and systems to explore and travel the ocean with minimal or no danger to its habitat and environment. Marine structures, vessels and ocean systems are unique because only a small number of each design is built, they are very large and complex, and they operate in this environment.
Anything that operates in this environment has special design requirements relevant to sea-keeping, capsizing, station-keeping, and random motions and loads in a hostile environment. Due to this uniqueness, the manufacturing is often more challenging and expensive.
The impact of Naval Architecture, Marine and Ocean Engineering is far-reaching and greatly enhances our quality of life. For example:
---74% of the world’s trade is carried by ship.
---95% of the U.S. international trade is transported by ship.
---55% of the U.S. population lives within 50 miles of a coastline.
---60% of the U.S. energy is imported by ship.
Naval Engineering:
Naval engineers work on naval vessels. A naval vessel is one of the world’s largest and most complex engineered systems. It’s much more complicated to design a navy ship than almost any other form of transportation or structure. Not only is the ship critical to national defense but it has to move through the water similar to other boats and amphibious vehicles and enable a crew of hundreds to live aboard it for extended periods of time. Engineers in this field must always balance cost, new technology, hull design, materials and all of the systems aboard such as the weapons management, electronics, HV/AC, propulsion, ventilation, sleeping quarters, galley, head, etc. The real trick for the Naval Engineer is to pull all of these pieces together.

Naval architects are engineers who design all kinds of watercraft or anything that can be used as transportation on water. This may be a ship, boat, submarine, seaplane, icebreaker or offshore drilling platform. The vessels may be used for recreation, transportation, work or by the Navy and can be big or small. They may be powered by sails, nuclear power or some other propulsion system.
Marine environments can be hostile and unpredictable. One minute the seas are calm and the next can be a white knuckle ride as the waves pound the side of your boat or seagoing vessel. This unpredictability provides a challenging frontier for the naval architect.




Marine Engineering:

Naval architects may build the frame or structure of a boat but marine engineers are needed to design all of the internal power and machinery systems of the boat. Without marine engineers, the boat would have no engine, electronics, hydraulics, lighting, refrigeration, or controls. To be a good marine engineer, you must be very versatile, creative and open to learning. Marine engineering is an exciting career because every boat or ship is different and you will be responsible for every system on board. Almost every boat needs an engine, propeller, steering, transmission, pumps, electrical systems, etc. Marine engineers make it happen.
They know a lot about many different kinds of vessel systems and controls. They give millions of people the ability to have fun on jetskis, small sailboats, or vacation cruises as well as enabling the military to race across the oceans, clean oil spills or rescue other boaters in distress.

Ocean Engineering:

Every instrument, every device and every process in an ocean environment is the creation and responsibility of ocean engineers. The ocean environment is very corrosive, volatile and often unpredictable. Waves are never-ending and the devices or gear that are used to explore the environment must be able to withstand high winds, waves and salt-water. One of the great things about ocean engineering is that many different types of engineers can be a part of the solutions needed for ocean infrastructure, research and utilization.
Ocean engineering integrates disciplines such as materials science and mechanical, civil, computer, software, marine, chemical and electrical and electronics engineering. In addition to creating underwater robots (ROV’s), they also develop underwater structures, oil rigs, buoys for data collection, and they are hard at work developing ways to capture the energy of waves and turn it into electricity. city.
They develop transportation systems, plan new uses for waterways, design deep-water ports, and integrate the land and water transportation systems and methods. They are concerned with discovering, producing, and transporting offshore petroleum as well as developing new ways to protect marine wildlife and beaches.

BS in Public Administration in the Philippines

Bachelor of Science in Public Administration (BSPA) is a four year degree program designed to provide students with theoretical knowledge and practical skills in public sector management, policy development and labor relations. It also helps students understand the fundamentals of good governance and policy analysis.

The BSPA program centers on teaching topics like human capital management, fiscal administration, government budgeting and accounting, and program development. Its aim is to show students how to plan, implement and monitor human, material and resource management for government and civil society organizations.

Subjects and Curriculum

The subjects in the BSPA curriculum are divided into four main categories:

    General Education Courses: Language and Humanities Cluster, Mathematics, Computer and Natural Science Cluster, Social Sciences Cluster, Mandated Subjects
    Public Administration Courses: Introduction to Public Administration, Philippine Administrative Thought and Institutions, Ethics and Accountability in the Public Service, Governance and Development, Knowledge Management and ICT for Public Administration, Research Methods in Public Administration, Leadership and Decision Making, Local and Regional Governance, Public Personnel Administration, Human Behavior in Organization, Public Fiscal Administration, Public Accounting and Budgeting, Organization and Management, Office and Systems Management, Public Policy and Program Administration, Administrative Law, Politics and Administration, Special Topics for Public Administration
    Special Core: Basic Accounting, Elementary Statistics, Good Governance and Social Responsibility, Sociology or Psychology
    Electives: Salary Standardization, Government Auditing, Government Budgeting, Program Administration (Implementation), Public Enterprise, Policy Analysis, Project Development and Management, Voluntary Sector Management, Resource Management, Environmental Management, Globalization and Public Administration, Service Delivery System, Records and Property Management


The lessons in the BSPA program are taught to students through classroom lectures. From time to time, they are also required to attend seminars and educational talks related to current trends and information about public administration.

During the fourth year of the BSPA program students are required to complete a Research paper with topics concerning the practice of Public Administration. In consultation with a research adviser, the student must accomplish the research paper at the end of the school year. He/she will defend the research paper in front of a panel who will grade his/her work based on specific criteria.

Aside from the research paper, a student must also finish an on the job training (OJT) before being eligible for graduation.

Is Public Administration a profession?

Public Administration is not a profession. A graduate of this program may be employed in the local and national government units as well as in private and public corporations, to work in any administrative or managerial role. These careers are not considered professions because they do not require a specialized set of knowledge and skills, nor do they require a government certification.

What are the admission requirements for the BSPA program?

Requirements at each school may differ, but these are the common requirements:

    Must be a high school graduate.

What skills, traits and attitude will help you succeed in this course?

    Communication and writing skills – the ability to present your thoughts clearly and intelligently in oral and written statements
    Computer Literacy – knowledge of computer use and being able to understand application programs.
    Public speaking and presentation skills – comfortable in facing a large audience with an ability to prepare oral and written presentations and reports using current data and technology
    Management skills – the capability to identify priorities and proper courses of action, to plan the execution of tasks and to determine and delegate responsibilities to group members to most effectively carry out projects
    Basic mathematical skills
    Strategic thinking – the ability to interpret and analyze information presented by peers and efficiently and constructively support or challenge their proposals, theories, ideas and reports in order to achieve a project's intended and successful end result
    Data analysis skills – reading and understanding statistical reports and how to use the reports to make inferences and decisions


How difficult is BS in Public Administration?

BS in Public Administration is not a difficult course. Aside from the long lecture hours, case reports, assignments and projects the rest of the course is fairly easy. The workload and schedule for this program is not as heavy compared to other courses. Certain subjects may be challenging, for example special core subjects such as accounting and psychology.

The on the job training (OJT) for BS in Public Administration is easier than that of other courses because the number of hours to be complied is lower and the field work is quite easy. The most challenging part of this course is perhaps the completion of a research paper.

How long does it take to complete the BSPA program in the Philippines?

The BS in Public Administration program takes four years to complete. The program may be completed in less than 4 years in schools that follow the trimestral curriculum.

On the job training (OJT)

During the fourth year of the program, students are required to attend an On the Job Training (OJT) in local government units, non-profit agencies, policy and research organizations, private businesses, contracting and consulting firms, among others.

Students are given the opportunity to apply their knowledge and practice their skills in actual settings. They are required to submit a written report documenting the tasks, responsibilities, learning experiences, training and hours worked. The OJT is done under the supervision of designated authority in the institution/agency which will evaluate the student periodically and submit the evaluation form to the assigned faculty member.

The required number of hours for the OJT is 200 hours.


Career Opportunities for BS in Public Administration graduates

As mentioned earlier, BS in Public Administration is a general program that can lead to any administrative position, both in the public sector and in private corporations. The range of occupations you can apply to will include any job that does not require special technical skills. Passing the Civil Service Examination is a requirement for many public sector positions.

Source: finduniversity.ph

BS in Aeronautical Engineering in the Philippine

BS in Aeronautical Engineering (BSAeroE) is a five year degree program designed to prepare students for becoming Aeronautical Engineers. The BS in Aeronautical Engineering program deals with the methods and principles of flight. It also covers engineering disciplines applied in research and development, manufacturing, operation, maintenance, repair, modification and inspection of aircrafts, spacecrafts and their components.

Subjects and Curriculum

The subjects in the BSAE curriculum are divided into two main categories:

    Technical Courses
        Mathematics: Advanced Algebra, Plane and Spherical Trigonometry, Analytic Geometry, Integral Calculus, Probability and Statistics
        Natural/Physical Sciences: General Chemistry, Physics
        Basic Engineering Sciences: Engineering Drawing, Computer Aided Drafting, Dynamics of Rigid Bodies, Engineering Management, Safety Management
        Allied Courses: Thermodynamics, Elementary Electrical Engineering, Basic Electronics
        Professional Courses: Aircraft materials and Processes, Airframe Construction and Repair, Aerodynamics, Aircraft Systems, Operations Engineering, Air Laws and Regulations, Aircraft Maintenance and Inspection, Aviation Safety, Aircraft Structure, Aircraft Design, Computer Aided Design (CAD)
        Technical Electives: Rocket Engines, Home Built Aircraft
    Non–Technical Courses
        Social Sciences: Social Science (1 to 4)
        Humanities: Humanities (1 to 3)
        Languages: English (1 to 3) , Filipino (1 and 2)
        Mandated Subject: Life and works of Rizal

The BSAeroE program makes use of several teaching methods. The five years of study are spent in classroom lectures, small group tutorials, field observations and hands-on laboratory sessions. In addition to this, students are also exposed to seminars and talks given by experts in the aerospace industry and even experience rides in a flight simulator.

Students are also exposed to an on the job training (OJT) in a duly recognized aeronautics or flight company; this is usually arranged by the school. It is done under the supervision of a senior aeronautical engineer in the firm and a faculty member. At the end of the OJT the student is evaluated for his/her performance.

As a requirement for graduation, students are required to accomplish a project feasibility study. Students are given the freedom to choose a study of interest that will help establish and improve air navigation facilities. The project ends when the student faces a committee to defend his/her work.

Is Aeronautical Engineering a profession?

 

Aeronautical Engineering is considered a profession.
The responsibilities of an Aeronautical Engineer include:

    Maintaining aircraft for full operation including making regular inspections, maintenance and servicing.
    Creating aircraft, components and support equipment.
    Supervising the assembly of airframes and the installation of engines, instruments and other equipment.
    Participating in flight test programs to measure take-off distances, rate of climb, stall speeds, maneuverability and landing capacities.
    Resolving issues that arise during the design, development and testing processes.
    Modifying designs to improve safety features or minimize fuel consumption and pollution.
    Working with teams, suppliers, clients and managers to agree budgets, timescales and specifications.
    Communicating technical and regulatory advice to clients, teams, suppliers and other professionals within the aerospace industry and presenting data to groups and individuals.


What are the admission requirements for the BS in Aeronautical Engineering program?

Requirements at each school may differ, but these are the common requirements:

    Must be a high school graduate.

What skills, traits and attitude will help you succeed in this course?

    Excellent Mathematical skills – math is the fundamental tool of aeronautical engineering, majority of subjects use both basic and complicated forms of mathematical equation therefore its very important to have strong foundation in mathematics
    Strong inclination to Physics – aeronautical engineering involves studying the movement of air over the structure of the aircraft, as well as the movement of all of the aircraft’s internal systems. As a result, different aspects of physics are of major importance to aeronautical engineering.
    Computer Knowledge – a wide knowledge on computers is critical to succeeding in the majority of engineering courses because much of the actual design work is done using computers.
    Technical skills – the knowledge and ability required to achieve specific tasks as well as other duties such as mathematical, engineering, scientific or computer-related tasks.
    Critical Thinking – the use of logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.
    Graphical skills – the ability to transform a design into an image
    Analytical skills – the ability to determine how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes
    Problem solving skills – the ability to identify complex problems and review related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
    Organizational skills – the ability to prioritize and manage time to give equal attention to each task at hand
    Communication skills – the ability to effectively relay information both orally and in written form.


How difficult is BS in Aeronautical Engineering?

Aeronautical Engineering is considered one of the most difficult fields of engineering. It involves complex math and physics topics. You’ll need to be highly competent in mathematics and physics so expect your competency in these two subjects to be rigorously tested. The BSAeroE program also demands intensive use of computers; those who have minimal computer skills will most likely find it hard to keep up. The workload in this program is quite demanding as well, you will be out in the field most of the time doing hands on practicum exams and also have constant examinations inside the classroom.

The Aeronautical Engineering Board Exam is also considered to be one of the most difficult board examinations in the Philippines.

How long does it take to complete the BSAeroE program in the Philippines?

The BSAeroE program takes five years to complete. The program may be completed in less than 5 years in schools that follow the trimestral curriculum.


Aeronautical Engineering Practice (OJT)

During the summer of the fourth year, the student is required to attend an on the job training (OJT) in an aeronautical company or firm. Students are given the opportunity to apply their knowledge and practice their skills in actual settings. The on the job training program is done under the supervision of a faculty member as well as a designated authority in the company. The length of the OJT is 420 hours (see source).

Career opportunities for BS in Aeronautical Engineering graduates

    Jobs for Licensed Aeronautical Engineers (board exam passers)

        Surveillance Aircraft Operators in the Military – operate survey equipment to determine accurate locations and directions for artillery units as well as differential positioning systems, including GPS, and distance measuring equipment
        Aircraft Interior Engineer – involved in the design or renovation of internal spaces, including structural alterations, furnishings, fixtures and fittings, lighting and colour schemes of an aircraft.
        Aircraft Structural Engineer – designs structures to withstand stresses and pressures, such as weather and human use in an aircraft or a space satellite. They ensure that structures and systems inside aircrafts remain strong and secure throughout their use.
        Aircraft Manufacturing Engineer – have a high level of technical expertise and skill, which they use to plan, design, set up, modify, optimize and monitor manufacturing processes.
        Aircraft Maintenance Engineer – installs, maintain and repair aircraft engines; airframes; airframe systems; electrical, instrument and radio systems; and aircraft structures and surface finishes.
        Aeronautical Engineering Professor – teaches aeronautical engineering in a College or University
        Aircraft System Engineer – develops aircraft sketches, drafts and designs
        Aircraft Design Engineer – performs engineering duties in designing, constructing, and testing aircraft, missiles, and spacecraft. May conduct basic and applied research to evaluate adaptability of materials and equipment to aircraft design and manufacture.
        Aircraft Power Plant Engineer – responsible for supervising, inspecting and performing maintenance on aircraft turbine engines and components.
        Aircraft Tooling Engineer – plans, directs and coordinates tooling used to manufacture and modify the aircraft as well as develop, evaluate, and improve manufacturing methods, materials and parts, fabrication processes, tooling, production equipment capabilities, assembly methods, staff allocation, and quality control standards.
        Aeronautical Engineering Consultant – provide consulting services on behalf of a private employer or he can be self-employed. Engineering consultants may also work with federal, state and local governments.
        Chief Aeronautical Engineer – responsible for the technical management and oversight of aeronautical engineering activities that they are assigned to. The Chief Engineer will ensure compliance to customer; regulatory and client’s requirements and procedures.
        Sector Operational Manager – maintain the airline’s published schedule by ensuring that the on-time arrival and departure rates are within acceptable limits for the prevalent external conditions.
        Head of Line Maintenance – manage, organize and lead the Station Engineers and staff at the stations located around the network to deliver aircraft maintenance in an efficient, effective and safe manner.

    Jobs for Non Board Passers:

        Aircraft Mechanic – maintains and repair the avionic and mechanical equipment needed to make planes and helicopters operate safely.
        Ground Radio Operator – maintain reliable operation of radio communication equipment and prepare, transmit, and record messages for ground forces
        Production Schedulers – covers the planning, scheduling, releasing, and tracking of workflow from the engineering department and the manufacturing department.
        Aircraft fueler – responsible for overseeing that all aircrafts are serviced with fuel; additionally, automotive and ground support equipment is serviced. They are also trained to handle non-routine situations, such as defueling and fueling aircraft with inoperative fuel quantity indicators.
        Simulator Technician – responsible for the performance of maintenance and reliability tests on the equipment that is used to calibrate aero and space craft; works under the direction of a supervising senior technician
        Technical Data Manager – provides info/data support to customers, representatives, airlines and government agencies, maintains all engineering files (production, project, specs, drawings, microfilm, etc. and prepares reports
        Mechanical Fitter – sets up, adjusts and inspects metalworking and pipe working machines and equipment.
        Aviation Support Equipment Technician – operate, maintain, repair and test automotive electrical systems in ground equipment, gasoline and diesel systems, and associated automotive, hydraulic and pneumatic systems. They also maintain gas turbine compressor units, ground air-conditioning units, perform metal fabrication, repair and painting of tow tractors and other aircraft servicing units.
        Aviation Records Supervisor – keeps logs and records in the maintenance department of an aviation company.
        Crew Chief Aircraft Mechanic Technician – lead, direct and support a group of maintenance Technicians and act as duty senior maintenance representative in the absence of Supervision.

    Salary Levels

    Generally speaking, salaries for licensed Aeronautical Engineers are high compared to the average salary in the Philippines. The salary levels for Aeronautical Engineers depend on work experience, position and whether they are working in the private or public sector.

source: http://www.finduniversity.ph/majors/bs-in-aeronautical-engineering-philippines/

BS in Criminology in the Philippines

BS in Criminology in the Philippines

The Bachelor of Science in Criminology or Criminal Justice is a a 4-year college degree program intended for individuals who wish to have a career in the fields of law enforcement, security administration, crime detection and prevention or correctional administration.
The BS in Criminology program aims to foster the values of leadership, integrity, accountability and responsibility while serving fellowmen, community and the country. The course is comprised of CHED mandated general education subjects, profession-related courses and 2-phase practicum. BSCrim students will learn various theories, policies, practices and laws associated with criminal behavior and the methods applied to manage such deviant activities.
Subjects in this course include Police Photography, Ballistics, Forensic Science, Toxicology, Polygraphy and Legal Medicine. The course also offers special Physical Education classes which include Martial Arts, First Aid, Survival Training, Marksmanship and Combat Shooting. 

Is Criminology a profession?

Criminology is a profession. A graduate of BS in Criminology who passed the Criminologist Licensure Examination is called a Criminologist. A Criminologists job includes practice in the field of Law Enforcement as an agent, adviser or administrator; as a Technician in dactyloscopy, ballistics and other scientific aspects of crime detection; as an officer in any correctional and penal institution; as a counselor in various agencies such as those involved in criminal research or public welfare; or as a teacher / instructor of Criminology subjects in universities. 

What are the admission requirements for B.S. Crim.?

Requirements at each school may differ, but these are the common requirements:
Must be a high school graduate.

What skills will help you succeed in this course?

BS Criminology does not require any special skills, except general skills helpful for any course:

Organization and time management skills – being able to establish priorities and schedules for studies or review, rest and social period

Interpersonal skills – being able to get along and work well with peers and classmates. It helps to have study groups to assist you in understanding and remembering lessons.

Communication skills – oral and written ability in English and in vernacular specially when making investigative and technical reports, feasibility studies and project presentation in classroom

Problem-solving abilities – being able to weigh the consequence of every situation presented and apply a reasonable solution

How difficult is this course?

Many students would classify this field of study as interesting and not difficult at all. The course includes several intriguing subjects such as forensic, criminal phsycology, human behavior and crisis management, criminal investigation, accidents investigation, arson, crime organizations, drugs, criminal procedures, defense tactics and more. Even the 2-phased Practicum is highly anticipated by the graduating students due to its social relevance. 

How long does it take to complete BS in Criminology in the Philippines?

Normally, the BS Crim. program takes 4 years to complete. Some schools who apply the trimesteral system do the program in shorter period of time. 

On the job training / internship takes 1 semester or 540 hours. 

On The Job training / Internship

As mandated by CHED (CMO no.37 series of 2010) BS in Criminology students are required to take Practicum for 1 semester on the fourth year of the program. The Practicum shall be divided in two components, 270 hrs of on-the-job training and another 270 hrs. of Community Immersion, to complete the 540 hrs of internship. 

The Practicum is designed to provide practical experiences for BS Crim. students working in the 5 pillars of the Criminal Justice System: Law Enforcement, Prosecution, Judiciary, Corrections and the Community. During this period, the criminology interns are allowed to observe and assist, but not to perform actual operations that may compromise their safety. Interns are expected to keep the informations learned during the practicum confidential. 

Specializations

BS in Criminilogy major in Police Administration – focuses on on basic management functions applied to the police organization. This includes organizational structure and administration of the Philippine National Police, both at the national and the local levels.

BS in Criminology major in Criminal Justice Administration – focuses on the Law enforcement management of activities such as detection, apprehension, detention, pretrial release, post-trial release, prosecution, adjudication, correctional supervision, or rehabilitation of accused persons or criminal offenders or the collection, storage, and dissemination of criminal history record information.

BS in Criminology with Forensic – concentrates on the application of a broad spectrum of sciences and technologies to investigate and establish facts of interest in relation to criminal or civil law.

BS in Criminology major in Jail Management and Penology – is a branch of Criminal Justice study that focuses on the management of prisons and jails for the rehabilitation of convicts and criminals in an attempt to maintain and ensure public safety.

Jobs for licensed Criminologists

Entry Level jobs Jobs requiring no prior to minimal level of experience:

Police Patrol Officers – Patrol assigned area to enforce laws and ordinances, regulate traffic, control crowds, prevent crime, and arrest violators

Forensic Photographers – Photographs accidents and crime scenes for use as evidence in court.

Court Peace Officer – provides security and order within the premises of the court house

Discipline Officer – staff member who has been appointed and trained to adjudicate alleged violations, counsels and facilitates conducts investigation, surveillance and interview report

Mid-Level Positions Require trainings and prior job experience of a few years:

Investigator / Paralegal Officer – In charge of data gathering, investigation and surveillance, and build up of cases of abuse/exploitation. Assists the lawyer in preparing affidavits, follow up and update of cases.

Dactylographer or Dactyloscopy Technician – the person who study fingerprints for purposes of identification

Polygraph Examiners (Lie Detector Operators) – conducts interviews with crime witnesses, criminal suspects and others to determine whether they are being truthful regarding specific questions asked by the examiner.

Forensic Science Technicians – help solve crimes by collecting and interpreting evidence from crime scenes. They use sophisticated technology to analyze fiber, hair, weapons and bodily fluids.

Forensic Document Examiners (FDEs) – help lawyers by examining and offering written opinions on a variety of disputed document problems including: wills, deeds, medical records, income tax records, time sheets, contracts, loan agreements, election petitions, checks, and anonymous letters.

Fraud Investigator – Investigates cases of fraud involving use of charge cards reported lost or stolen, cash refunds, and nonexistent accounts in retail stores: Receives information from credit, sales, and collection departments regarding suspected fraud cases. Interviews store personnel, and observes and questions suspected customers to obtain evidence

Court Deputy – Supervises and coordinates activities of court peace officers engaged in providing security and maintaining order within individual courtrooms and throughout courthouse.

Security Guard Dispatcher – send out security personnel to client's site for private, protective-service, notifies guards of work assignments. Compiles and records data for dispatch, payroll, billings, and personnel records.

Academician – professor, instructor or teacher for Criminology subjects in any university, college or school.

Advanced Positions Require years of extensive experience and practice:

Chief of Police Department – top official in the chain of command of a police department

Head Correction Officer – Supervises activities of Correction Officers and issues duty assignments. Directs release or transfer of prisoners based on court order instructions. Maintains prison records and reports.

Chief Security Guard – Supervises and coordinates activities of security force of establishment, such as industrial plant, department store, or museum.

Chief Deputy Sheriff – Directs and coordinates activities, work assignments and deployment of human resources in patrol division and transmits orders to subordinate officers for execution. Supervises investigations of narcotics traffic and auto theft, evaluates progress with investigators, and plans actions, such as raids, surveillance, or arrests.

Armored Transport Service Manager – Plans, directs, and coordinates activities of personnel engaged in providing armored car services

Identification and Communications Supervisor – supervises designs and installs criminal identification filing systems, such as fingerprint, photograph, modus operandi and name, criminal-wanted and crimes reported files, to facilitate information retrieval.

source: http://www.finduniversity.ph/majors/bs-in-criminology-philippines/

BS in Hotel and Restaurant Management in the Philippines.

BS in Hotel and Restaurant Management in the Philippines.

The Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management (BSHRM) program is geared towards equipping students with the necessary knowledge, skills and attitude to provide quality service in the hospitality industry. The program contains subjects that will address the needs of different sectors in the hospitality industry, such as culinary, front office, tourism, resort and hotel operations. Its primary concentration is on the development of practical and management skills which are achieved through the combination of theoretical classes, practicum exercises and experiential learning. 

Graduates of this course will possess business management and accounting skills to be able to compute daily sales, recipe costing/cost control and inventory management. The program also helps students to develop effective communication and interpersonal skills which are essential in establishing positive employer/employee/customer relations. 

What are the admission requirements for the BSHRM program in the Philippines?

• Must be a high school graduate; but for students who were not able to complete secondary level of education.

What skills are required to succeed in this course?

There are no specific skills required for BSHRM because everything can be learned. However, you need to possess certain attitudes and qualities for you to succeed in this course: 
First, you have to be comfortable giving service to others. This means that you enjoy and take pride in your work; Secondly, you must be approachable and friendly while maintaining professionalism; Most importantly, you have to be an effective communicator, both in written and oral English. You will meet and provide service to different people of different nationalities, to eliminate the language barrier, you have to speak English well enough to be understood. 

How difficult is this course?

The difficulty level of BSHRM is quite low. Although there are business management and accounting subjects incorporated in its curriculum, mathematical skills are required at a very minimal level. BSHRM is a convenient course for students who are only seeking to achieve a college degree. 

Is Hotel & Restaurant Management a profession?

Hotel & Restaurant Management is not considered a profession. It does not have a specific and peculiar set of theoretical knowledge that can only be understood by students taking the course. It also does not entail great responsibility and accountability as most professions do. 

How long does it take to complete the BS in in Hotel and Restaurant Management course in the Philippines?

The BSHRM program takes 4 years to complete. 
The duration is spent in classrooms for theoretical classes, practicum exercises and on the job training/practicum program ( local or international ). 

Training and internship

There are certain schools that have partnered with international business establishments in the hospitality industry that offer internships for students who can afford the expenses to go abroad. 
Before students are immersed in hotels and restaurants, they have to undergo a hands on test first. For example, if the topic is bar tending, the student will usually perform this in-front of a designated teacher who will taste and assess his skills. By the end of the exercise, the teacher will grade and inform the student if he is indeed ready to be placed in a practicum program with a certain establishment. 
According to CHED (the official governing body of both public and private higher education institutions), the suggested number of hours for on the job training required for the BSHRM program is 420 hours. (Seehttp://pinoyhotelier.com/bshrm–ched–suggested–practicum–program.html) 

Career opportunities for BSHRM graduates

• Entry Level jobs

  Jobs designated for recent/fresh graduates of BSHRM who have no prior experience.
• Commis – junior chef
• F&B service attendant – a person who takes customer orders, ensures tables are clear and carries dishes back to the kitchen area
• Bartender or bar attendant – a person who serves alcoholic beverages; responsibilities include maintaining supplies and inventory for the bar and mixing a variety of cocktails
• Housekeeping attendant – a person who cleans, changes linens and places things in order in hotel rooms
• Front Office agent/Front Desk clerk – a person who takes charge of guest reception inquiries and reservations, checks in guests upon arrival as well as giving the best customer service to promote a positive first impression

• Advanced Positions

  Require years of experience and practice to perform certain jobs.
  • Food and Beverage Director – manages the whole operation and control of the food and beverage department
  • Restaurant Operations Manager – responsible in overseeing the entire planning, directing and coordinating operations of a restaurant; they are also tasked to do financial record keeping, hiring, handling and firing of employees
  • Front Office Staff and Manager – supervises front office personnel and ensures that all front desk duties are properly completed; they are also responsible in the preparation of the budget for the front office department
  • Cruise Line Staff – maintains passenger cabins and runs the restaurant, bar, recreation area and retail shops inside a cruise ship
  • Executive Housekeeper – supervises activities of cleaning personnel to ensure well kept hotel rooms
  • Chef – a chef is someone in charge of the whole food service operation including menu planning, purchasing, hiring and staffing
  • Food Service Consultant – independent professionals who have a wide knowledge and experience on food service and the hospitality industry, they serve as advisor to people and help them achieve their goals
  • Academician – a graduate of BSHRM who teaches at a college

• Jobs not related to BSHRM that graduates can apply to

• Call center agent – answers phone calls and inquiries of clients and provides customer support, usually to people from other countries
• Freelancer working online – doing online jobs for clients abroad, such as data entry, article writing, SEO, customer support, administrative support etc., which mainly depends on your skills
• Administrative Staff – personnel responsible for the organization and management of office duties and tasks; positions that include office secretary, personal assistant and office clerk

• Career Opportunities Abroad

  BSHRM graduates are one of the most sought after employees in terms of work abroad. Career opportunities are more or less the same with the above mentioned job positions. The salary levels can be 3 to 6 times higher then in the Philippines.

source: http://www.finduniversity.ph/majors/bs-in-hotel-and-restaurant-management-philippines/

BS in Marine Transportation in the Philippines

BS in Marine Transportation in the Philippines

 

The Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation (BSMT) is a four-year undergraduate degree program which leads to a professional career in the maritime industry, as a marine deck officer. Through this program, the students will be able to acquire the necessary skills and knowledge needed to accomplish their future duties and responsibilities of a marine officer, and will be exposed to theories and practices in seamanship, navigation, ship business, meteorology, and marine laws.

Some of the subjects taught in this program include:

    Ship Handling and Maneuvering

    Ships, Ship Routines, and Construction

    Cargo Handling and Storage

    Merchant Ships Search and Rescue

    Deck Watchkeeping

    Shipboard Personnel Management

    Basic Marine Engineering

    Ship Management Systems

    Meteorology and Oceanography

    Radio Communication

    Stability and Trim

    Terrestrial Navigation

    Electronic Navigation

    Celestial Navigation

    Collision Regulation

    Basic Safety

    Maritime Laws

    Marine Pollution and Prevention

The Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation is taught through classroom-based frontal instructions, regular hands-on trainings usually conducted in special laboratories, as well as simulation activities regarding the use of modern ship equipments like the RADAR, ARPA, and GMDSS communication.

What are the admission requirements for BSMT?

Requirements at each school may differ, but these are the common requirements:

    Must be a high school graduate. 

 

What skills will help you succeed in this profession?

    Technical Skills – the ability to perform various tasks related to ship handling, navigation, and radio communication. Moreover, this can also refer to the ability to operate various equipments and software.

    Endurance – this refers to the ability to withstand difficult situations, hardships, or stress. This skill is important because working as a marine deck officer involves difficult tasks, long hours of work, and entails being away from your family.

    Navigation Skills – this skill refers to the ability to determine position and location. Having this skill will serve as an advantage because ship navigation is one of the areas taught in this course.

    Organizational Skills – these skills are needed for you to be able to organize your time, meet the requirements of your job, and obtain optimal productivity. This is important because you will surely be assigned to accomplish different tasks especially during the training period.

    Interpersonal Skills – the ability to communicate and interact harmoniously with other people will definitely help you work on group projects and activities with your classmates. This skill is also important in order for you to get along with your shipmates.

    English Skills – the ability to read, write, and communicate well in English is necessary because most of the technical literature and required reading materials are in this language.

    Critical Thinking – the ability to think logically and make use of reasoning in evaluating the different solutions or approaches to a problem

    Analytical Skills – the ability to identify the kinds of data that are actually important and figure out how to solve problems

How difficult is this course?

 

 

BS in Marine Transportation is of average difficulty. Although this course involves technical concepts and practices regarding the different aspects of seamanship, it is still not as difficult as science, engineering or IT courses.

How long does it take to complete BS in Marine Transportation program in the Philippines?

Normally, the BSMT program takes 4 years to complete. Internship takes a whole year to complete, so basically, this course involves 3 years of school-based education and 1-year internship period.

Some schools that apply the trimestral school calendar system complete the program in a shorter period of time.

On The Job Training / Internship

This course entails a 1-year apprenticeship period aboard an actual ship in order to expose students to the real-life applications of the concepts and techniques that they learned in the classroom. Some schools help the students find companies where they could work as an intern, while some allow students to find their own. Moreover, some companies provide an internship allowance while others do not.

The Board Exams

    Officer-in-Charge of a Navigational Watch Licensure Examination

    Required for working as a Second Mate/ Second Officer, an OIC of a Navigational Watch, or as the Third Mate.

    Requirements for taking this exam:

        An approved Sea-going Service as:

        a.) Apprentice Mate or Deck Cadet for at least twelve (12) months on board sea going ship of 500 Gross Tonnage or more.

        b.) Ordinary Seaman and Able Bodied Seaman with at least twelve (12) months seagoing service on board ship of 500 gross tonnage or more shall be allowed to take the written or walk-in licensure examination. However, if the applicant passed the said examination, he shall not be issued Certificate of Competency and Endorsement Certificate until he completes the thirty six (36) months seagoing service.

        c.) Other positions such as Deck Trainee / Deck Assistant / Deck Boy / Messman / Bosun with at least thirty six (36) months seagoing service on board ship of 500 gross tonnage or more.

        Proof of Sea Service:

        Several certificates and papers proving your work experience as a seamen.

    Chief Mate Licensure Examination

    Required for work as a First Mate/First Officer.

    Requirements for taking this exam:

        An approved Sea-going Service in the Operational Level of at least twelve (12) months on board sea-going ship of 500 gross tonnage or more.

        Proof of Sea Service:

        Several certificates and papers proving your work experience as a seamen.

    Master Mariner Licensure Examination

    Required for working as a Master Mariner, Chief Officer or a Designated Person Ashore (DPA).

    Requirements for taking this exam:

        An approved Sea-going Service:

        a) At least 12 months sea service onboard sea-going ship of 500 gross tonnages or more as Chief Mate.

        b) At least 36 months sea service onboard sea-going ship of 500 gross tonnages or more in the Operational Level.

        c) At least 36 months sea service onboard sea-going ship of 500 gross tonnages or more both in the Operational and Management Level.

        Proof of Sea Service:

        Several certificates and papers proving your work experience as a seamen.

 

Career opportunities for BSMT graduates

    Jobs for Licensed Marine Deck Officers

       

Officer-in-Charge of a Navigational Watch – this job involves responsibilities regarding avoidance of collision and grounding, as well as watchkeeping at sea.

        Chief Mate – also called the First Mate or First Officer, a Chief Mate serves as the head of the deck department of a merchant vessel. This job involves being in charge of the ships cargo and deck crew.

       

Master Mariner – this job entails serving as the person in command of a commercial ship or vessel.

       

Merchant Marine Officer – this job entails serving as officers or ship crew whose duties include navigation, operation of engines, electronics and radio communication, as well as providing food for the ships crew.

       

Maritime Education and Training Officer – this job is like being a professor or instructor and involves training other students to become competent marine deck officers.

       

        Naval Officer – this involves working at the naval warfare service branch of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. This involves protecting the country from terrorists and sea piracy, conducting underwater reconnaissance, capturing enemy targets, as well as collecting intelligence information. Examples of positions in the Philippine Navy are Radioman, Third Class, Electricians Mate, First Class, Seaman First, Hospital Corpsman, and Gunners Mate Chief.

 

Salary Levels

Since graduates of BS in Marine Transportation can pursue different careers, the salary varies greatly. According to the International Labor Organizations (ILO) Subcommittee on Wages of Seafarers, the approved consolidated minimum wage as of December 2013 ranges from USD 1,028 3,462 per month, depending on the rank/position. source

 Source: findunuversity.ph